nginx-loadbalancer/files/README.md

Documentatie Stack Node.js + Docker + Docker Compose + Nginx

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1. Structura proiect

project/
│
├── Dockerfile             # imaginea Node.js
├── docker-compose.yml     # orchestration containere + Nginx
├── nginx.conf             # configuratie Nginx
├── server.js              # cod Node.js
├── package.json
└── index.html             # pagina servita de Node

Stack-ul include:

• Node.js – aplicatie stateless
• 3 containere Node, fiecare cu INSTANCE_NAME
• Nginx – reverse proxy si load balancer
• Docker Compose – orchestrare containere + retea

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2. Node.js

2.1 server.js

const express = require('express');
const path = require('path');

const instanceName = process.env.INSTANCE_NAME || 'unknown';

const app = express();
const port = 3000;

app.get('/', (req, res) => {
    console.log(`[${instanceName}] Request received`);
    res.sendFile(path.join(__dirname, 'index.html'));
});

app.listen(port, () => {
    console.log(`[${instanceName}] Node app listening on port ${port}`);
});

Explicatii:

• process.env.INSTANCE_NAME pentru identificarea containerului
• Stateless design – aplicatia nu stie cate instante exista
• Log-urile arata care container a servit request-ul
• Servește index.html

2.2 package.json

{
  "name": "node-app",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "scripts": {
    "start": "node server.js"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "express": "^4.17.1"
  }
}

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3. Dockerfile

FROM node:18-alpine

WORKDIR /app

COPY package*.json .
RUN npm install

COPY index.html .
COPY server.js .

EXPOSE 3000

CMD ["node", "server.js"]

Explicatii:

• Imagine oficiala Node minimală
• COPY package*.json pentru caching optim
• EXPOSE 3000 – port intern container
• CMD – comanda de start

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4. Docker Compose

version: "3.9"

services:
  app-1:
    image: node-app:v1
    ports:
      - "3001:3000"
    networks:
      - app-network
    environment:
      - INSTANCE_NAME=app-1

  app-2:
    image: node-app:v1
    ports:
      - "3002:3000"
    networks:
      - app-network
    environment:
      - INSTANCE_NAME=app-2

  app-3:
    image: node-app:v1
    ports:
      - "3003:3000"
    networks:
      - app-network
    environment:
      - INSTANCE_NAME=app-3

  nginx:
    image: nginx:alpine
    volumes:
      - ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro
    depends_on:
      - app-1
      - app-2
      - app-3
    ports:
      - "80:80"
    networks:
      - app-network

networks:
  app-network:

Explicatii:

• 3 servicii Node identice, fiecare pe port intern 3000
• Nginx ascultă pe port 80 și face proxy la Node
• depends_on pentru startup order
• retea comuna

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5. Nginx Configuration (nginx.conf)

events {}

http {
    upstream backend {
        server app-1:3000;
        server app-2:3000;
        server app-3:3000;
    }

    server {
        listen 80;

        location / {
            proxy_pass http://backend;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        }
    }
}

Explicatii:

• upstream backend = grup backend-uri Node pentru load balancing
• proxy_pass http://backend; trimite request-ul la unul din backends
• Header-ele ajuta Node sa stie IP-ul real
• Nginx foloseste portul intern 3000

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6. Workflow

1. Build Node.js:

docker build -t node-app:v1 .

2. Pornire Compose:

docker-compose up -d

3. Verificare log-uri:

docker-compose logs -f

4. Test load balancing:

• http://localhost
• Refresh repetat → request-urile distribuite între app-1, app-2, app-3

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